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As recent article in the Star Tribune put it, all but the wealthiest of us have moved from an “inheritance” society to “let’s make sure Mom and Dad have enough to live out their lives scenario.”

Ten years ago Americans expected more inheritance from their parents than they do now. Longevity has generated the need for more retirement money which in turn has led to a decrease in the total assets left to others. In addition, our New York estate planning attorneys know that the recent economic crisis has exacerbated the situion, trimming nest eggs and making it hard for many to cover their elevated health care costs and other financial obligations.

All of these issues were recently touched on in the StarTribune article. It noted that for those who reach age 65, 40% of the men and 53% of the women will live to at least 85. Since most of their income derives from Social Security, it creates a situation where they seek support from their children instead of living off a nest egg to pass on to those children.

A new report from the “State Budget Task Force” released last week found that two issues were by far the most pressing for state and local government budgets: pensions and Medicaid. The full report can be viewed HERE.

Chaired by former New York Lieutenant Governor Richard Ravich, the group creating the report examined six states (including New York). Much focus was placed on currently unfunded New York Medicaid and pension obligations. It is unsurprising that these two issues are at the top of the list, and our New York elder law estate planning lawyers know this is even more reinforcement of the vital need for residents to plan for retirement and elder disability issues on their own.

In issuing the report, Ravitch argued that the problems extend beyond the recession. Instead, the report claims that the underlying financial concerns are far greater than a simple drop in revenues and increased need for aid services due to the economic climate. Like all similar reports of this nature, the author claims vast structural changes are needed to account for the looming fiscal crisis.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/edie-windsors-fight-for-same-sex-marriage-rights-continues-even-after-partners-death/2012/07/19/gJQARguhwW_story.html

In the wake of the passage of marriage equality laws in our state, many assumed that the issue was settled for New York’s same-sex couples–they would be treated the same as all other couples in our state. Not so. Our New York estate planning attorneys are acutely aware of the continued inequalities faced by these citizens. The problem is rooted in federal treatment of these couples with clear estate planning ramifications.

A 1996 law–the so-called, “Defense of Marriage Act” (DOMA)–forces the federal government to treat same-sex married couples differently than others. Breaking with long-standing tradition of recognizing all marriages legal in each states, the federal government explicitly defined marriage as not including same-sex couples. As a result, same-sex couples married legally in individual states are still considered strangers by the U.S. government. Obviously, this split recognition has negative consequences for the involved couples. All estate plans for these couples must continue to take this into account.

Over the past two years there has been increased focus on the scourge of elder abuse in all its forms. Yet, the awareness effort has not led to any federal legal changes to help protect seniors from things like physical neglect at home to senior financial exploitation. That may soon change.

According to a report from the West Central Tribune, a bill in the U.S. Senate to help prevent these harms recently advanced out of the Senate Judiciary Committee. It passed out of committee on a 15-3 vote and will now be sent to the full Senate for approval.

Known as the Guardian Accountability and Senior Protection Act, the measure strengthens the tools available to states to provide proper oversight of guardians and senior conservators. This focus on oversight is critical, as New York elder law attorneys know that, at least when it comes to financial abuse, a lack of third-party monitoring allows the problem to go unnoticed.

There is a tendency to underestimate the actual risk of suffering mental and physical disabilities as one ages. Everyone knows that seniors often face physical issues and others suffer from cognitive problems, but most relatively healthy individuals convince themselves that they are less likely to face those concerns down the road. In our area, this self-denial often means that individuals put off creating a New York elder law estate plan. The consequence is that many only look into the issue after suffering an emergency. Available options are always less attractive when planning in the face of immediate need.

Everyone needs to plan, regardless of their current mental and physical state. That fact was made even more evident following the release last week of a new report from the Institute of Medicine. Entitled, “The Mental Health and Substance Use Workforce for Older Adults: In Whose Hands?”, the project was commissioned by Congress to better understand the long-term mental health and wellbeing needs of seniors. The full report can be read HERE.

What were the findings?

This week the Washington Post published an interesting, extended story seeking to share information on life in assisted-living facilities. The article, written by a man living in one of these homes, paints a grim picture of life for seniors needing extra day-to-day care. The text was adapted from a literary journal, The Feathered Flounder, which showcases work of people over sixty years old.

Each New York elder law attorney at our firm appreciates that it is important for local residents to understand the realities of long-term care so that decisions can be made as early as possible to plan for the ideal care.

The man in this case suffered from early-onset Parkinson’s disease in his 40s. For a decade he lived at his home, able to manage with at-home care. However, as his condition deteriorated, and he ended up in a wheelchair, the man decided to move into an assisted-living facility. He was only 53 years old. He admits knowing that it was a unique choice, considering that most residents were decades older and facing far more severe health problems.

One of the more unique estate planning feuds in recent memory remains under investigation, three years following the death of the family matriarch that started the debacle. While few families descend into physical violence, our New York estate planning lawyers appreciate that this case is a stark reminder of the mix of extreme emotions often present in these cases.

According to a Seacoast Online report, when Eugenia Boies died in 2009 at the age of 96 she left a family fortune valued at $12 million. The estate had mostly passed to her when her longtime husband passed away in 2007. The family wealth originated on the husband’s side of the family, dating as far back as a Civil-War era gunpowder company. The wealth included over a million dollars in the bank, real estate in North Hampton, and millions in stocks.

Before her death Eugenia named her nephew, Peter, as one of three executors of her estate. Shortly after Eugenia passing, while the probate process was underway, Peter and his wife were awoken in the middle of the middle to a drive by shooting, with dozens of high-caliber bullets shot into the family’s bedroom. The family home was riddled, but fortunately the couple survived the ordeal.

Senior care advocates repeatedly remind families that oversight is needed in some cases to ensure seniors do not fall victim to financial exploitation. Having an elder law estate planning attorney involved in the process is one way to provide some professional oversight.

However, beyond protecting against scammers and hucksters, many seniors are facing a new financial crisis that is not rooted in illegal misconduct. When on a fixed income and struggling with confusing money issues, some seniors might face incredibly severe financial penalties for falling behind on certain bills or taxes.

For example, CNN Money reported this week on a growing number of individuals who are losing their homes because they owe relatively small sums. A report from the National Consumer Law Center detailed how some states have outdated laws that allow states to sell tax liens on delinquent properties. Essentially this means that instead of the government having a lien on a piece of property that owed back taxes or bills for services like water and gas, private investors own the lien. The investor then collects interests on the overdue bill or, in some cases, forecloses on the home. Some states allow investors to charge staggeringly high interest rates, from 15% to 50%.

Our New York estate planning attorneys frequently remind residents that it is important to update an estate plan following major life changes, such as a divorce or marriage. However, that basic advice may be misleading, because in some cases it is crucial to consider updating the plan before the major life event takes place. That may be especially true in the case of second marriages.

A recent Elder Law Answers article summarized a few points to consider at this time:

-Make sure both spouses are on equal footing. Secrecy at this time is toxic. Both partners should take an inventory and understand what assets and debts are on the table. All planning extends from that base.

CBS News recently reported on glowing praise for a relatively small program seeking to help seniors live independently. Known as the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE), the program is being credited with helping many on New York Medicaid avoid being forced to move into nursing homes. For example, one New Yorker interviewed for the story is a 65-year old woman who faces a series of health challenges. Her osteoporosis has left her wheelchair bound, as she can only walk in small doses. Like many, the woman faced serious financial setbacks and is currently unemployed. With a history of chronic depression, the woman admitted that if she was forced to move into a nursing home, she doubts she would survive.

Yet, so far, she has been able to avoid the nursing home as a result of PACE. The program allows this woman, any other seniors is similar situations, to live at home and receive support from area day care center. Seniors can visit the center for various services, from coordinated medical care, social work support, and various activities, like yoga.

Our New York elder care attorneys appreciate the immense value of this program which allows more seniors to age in place.

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