New York Estate Planning & Elder Law Blog

Estate Plan Still Needed to Divide Properly Equally Between Children

Published on: August 18, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Some local residents believe that they do not need to worry about creating a New York estate plan if they only want to divide all of their assets between their children equally. These community members are under the incorrect assumption that the default legal rules will ensure that everything works out as they wish. Unfortunately, this is rarely the case.

This weekend My SA News discussed this all-too-common mistake of voicing intent to be even-handed with asset distribution but not taking the proper legal steps to carry out that intent. For example, the story used the real example of a family with two parents and five daughters. Both parents had been married to one another their entire lives with no divorces. They did not conduct any estate planning because they always explained that they wanted everything to be divided equally among their children at their death. They did not even have wills drafted.

However, their actions did not reflect that voiced intention, and there was no plan in place to protect the family. For example, after the father died, the mother deeded the family home to the first sister. Later, a second sister deeded another house to the mother, but upon the mother’s death that sister wanted the home back. A third sister visited an attorney and asked for help. She wanted the family home and the second home to be divided equally among the children as the parents always wished.

Tips for Choosing the Best Elder Care for Loved Ones

Published on: August 17, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

It is often emotionally wrenching to come to the realization that your aging loved one is in need of extra day-to-day care. For local residents, if a proper New York elder care plan is in place there should be options available to provide the necessary assistance. In many cases aid can be provided to the senior while they remain in their own home with care workers traveling to them to assist with basic living chores and some medical needs.

However, there may come a time when moving the relative into a long-term care facility is unavoidable. When that time comes there are often two major questions to answer: how will we pay for nursing home care and how do we know what facility is best? Local community members can receive guidance on the first question by visiting a New York elder care attorney. Even if no prior planning has been conducted to save assets from these costs–such as the creation of a Medicaid Asset Protection Trust–there may be options to protect part of one’s assets while on the nursing home doorstep. This is known as the “gift and loan” strategy; it is an advanced elder law technique that can save some of your relative’s nest egg from being spent down to pay for an extended nursing home stay.

This week Penn Live shared some tips to help families decide on the appropriate facility for their loved one once the financial issues have been resolved. Some assisted-living facilities are geared toward seniors who can do some things on their own (like bathing and dressing), while many other nursing homes provide assistance in virtually all tasks. In our area, the New York State Office for the Aging provides helpful information on various housing options for seniors and the specific services that they usually provide.

Power of Attorney & Health Care Proxy Are Crucial Components of New York Elder Care Plan

Published on: August 15, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Every New York elder law estate plan should likely include a Power of Attorney and Health Care Proxy. These documents allow another person to handle a variety of legal, financial, and medical affairs on your behalf in the event of disability. Our New York elder law attorneys know that preparing for all possible contingencies is the main purpose of this planning, and so inclusion of these documents remains essential.

Some residents are less familiar with the importance of these decision-making tools and may assume them to be unnecessary in their particular case. They may believe that their friends or family members will step up and handle affairs appropriately without the need for formal legal documents. Unfortunately, that assessment is misguided because very often family disagreement arises among these individuals under the stress of dealing with the disability–setting the stage for conflict without prior delegation of decision-making power. The director of a local public aging services center explained that “the last thing you want is if you age and lose capacity, to become a pod in a power struggle between your kids or your grandkids.” On top that, even if one’s family members do not disagree on any financial or medical issue, the law will not automatically grant these powers to a certain friend or family member. In many cases, the disability requires court intervention to appoint a guardian which is a situation that should always be avoided.

Failure to provide this legal clarity ahead of time can have wide ranging effects. For example, KFBB News reported late last week on one man who is facing felony kidnapping charges after allegedly taking his 92-year old mother out of her long-term care facility and bringing her into another state without permission. The man was not his mother’s Power of Attorney. The family was confused about the local elder care laws, and the man assumed he had the right to move his mother. He didn’t. He is now awaiting extradition to face possible criminal sanctions for his conduct. It is likely that the man would not be facing any charges at all had a Power of Attorney been drafted.

New Website Services Offers Online Method of Distributing Personal Property

Published on: August 10, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Most New York estate plans have various components and include several legal documents. Most will have a Revocable Living Trust, Medicaid Asset Protection Trust, or both. A pour-over will is also frequently added as a failsafe to cancel an old will and ensure that any assets left outside the trust are brought into it after death. The plan will have various other facets, including a Power of Attorney, Health Care Proxy, burial instructions, and other final instructions for a family.

In addition, a common practice is to leave a list which indicates which valuables will go to each heir. This list is usually handwritten and specifically requests that a trustee honor its terms. In this way, if a client changes their mind about the distribution of their personal property they can simply handwrite a new list without needing to visit their attorney to cement the change. This step is important because many local families experience in-fighting when trying to distribute sentimental personal property without the guidance offered by a New York estate plan. When more than one family member wants the same item, the stage may be set for strong disagreements that often profoundly and permanently affect relationships. Most family members are under immense stress at the time of a passing which makes the situation even worse.

A few online web services have recently sprung up which claim to help families distribute this property in a fair manner. For example, one of the more popular services is eDivvyup. The website essentially sets up a family auction using non-monetary “credits.” A family first selects an “executor” to set up the auction by cataloging personal items, inviting family members to participate, and assigning credits. Each family member then visits the site and places bids on items of interest to them using the non-monetary credits they are provided. The auctions usually work like eBay, spanning anywhere from a day to several weeks. The goal is that by the end of the auction each family member will have gotten the fair chance to indicate which items mean the most to them.

Season Tickets, Frequent Flier Miles, and Other Unique Assets in Estate Plan

Published on: August 8, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Local residents visit our New York estate planning attorneys for professional assistance to protect and pass on their assets. Many also expect guidance identifying the items that should be considered an asset and included in the planning. Most area families need to consider things beyond homes, cars, investment portfolios, and similar items when creating their New York estate plan.

For example, what happens to frequent flier miles and rewards upon an individual’s death? Many residents spend years and thousands of dollars in airfare racking up mileages and benefits in airline sponsored loyalty programs. A recent article in Payments News explained how many fliers spend time accumulating these “miles” and rewards only to leave them unused at their death. Some reports indicate that as many as 3.5 trillion miles currently remain unused in these programs. Interestingly, each airline has a different policy in place regarding transferability of loyalty benefits at death. American Airlines specifically allows accumulated mileage credit to be transferred to a person named in a court-approved will or estate plan. Other carriers, such as United Airlines, require that a beneficiary be named with the program, a fee be paid, and require an executor to contact the airline before miles can be transferred.

Another asset which one may wish to leave behind is the option to purchase valuable season tickets. Area residents often spend years waiting for the opportunity to become a season-ticket holder for their favorite teams. A post this weekend at The Faculty Lounge recently discussed this topic. Most teams have policies in place that allow an individual’s decedents to gain the right to purchase. However, it is important to closely examine the team policy related to ticket transferability to understand what issues might arise. For example, there may be conflict over who gains the right if several children share in ones’ assets. Many team policies indicate that there will be no transferability if several individuals share in the right and do not agree on a single transferee. Some teams also expressly prohibit a non-relative from receiving the right to purchase the tickets.

Elderly Residents Can Keep Their Pets With Flexible Care Options

Published on: August 3, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Many seniors consider their pets to be part of their family. The companionship that an animal brings is often particularly important for those who have lost their spouse or who live alone. In fact, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention specifically credits pets with decreasing blood pressure, increasing socialization opportunities, and providing exercise for owners. New research out of Miami University of Ohio and St. Louis University found that pet owners were more physically fit and less fearful of basic daily stresses than those without animals.

The unique connection between owners and their animals is one of the key reasons that our state allows residents to create a New York pet trust as part of their estate plan to pass along resources for the care of their animals. In addition, senior pet owners can now receive varying degrees of assistance to help care for their animals in their golden years. Proper pet care is often daunting for seniors who struggle to get their animal to and from the vet, provide regular walks, and similar tasks. In the past, residents were often forced to give up their beloved animals when they were no longer able to provide them the care they needed on their own.

Fortunately, as Global Animal discussed in an article this morning, various services are now available to help senior pet owners keep their pets in their own home. For example, pet sitters are prevalent in most cities to help walk dogs, administer medication, and perform other aid. Many of these sitters double as veterinary technicians so they are often trained to catch animal illness that may not be noticed by the pet owner.

Estate Planning is Not Just for Senior Couples

Published on: August 2, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Some area residents may think that New York estate planning is only for married seniors who have big families and substantial wealth. Fortunately, more and more people are coming to understand that this planning is a necessity for all community members, no matter what their situation in life. The Calgary Herald recently discussed the universal applicability of estate planning by sharing the example of a thirty-six year old mother of two who was recently divorced. The woman had never before seriously considered financial matters, but everything changed following separation from her husband.

It was not long before the mother began to realize that taking care of her family was now squarely on her shoulders–necessitating prudent preparation for long-term contingencies. For example, if she were to suddenly become ill, who would take care of her children? If she became disabled, how would the family survive? The woman began considering these and similar questions before realizing that she wanted the peace of mind of knowing that she had prepared for these possibilities ahead of time. The woman visited an estate planning attorney and learned what options were available to her. She eventually purchased life insurance, disability insurance, and had legal documents drafted to ensure others could make critical decisions on behalf of her family if the need arose.

The mother’s situation is a good example of why estate planning is often particularly important for singles. Those without a partner frequently need to clearly spell out their wishes ahead of time, because fewer people may be around to speak on their behalf. For example, a thirty year old single man may get in an accident shortly before closing on his first piece of real estate. If he has taken the time to create a durable Power of Attorney, the named individual may be able to close on that new home on his behalf. There are countless similar situations that may arise where prior estate preparation can significantly affect an individual’s life.

Parents Grapple with Effect of Inheritances and the Meaning of Money

Published on: June 4, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

New York inheritance planning involves passing on values as well as assets. No matter how large the family estate, most parents think long and hard about how their inheritance will affect the lives of their children. For many there are no easy answers to questions like how new wealth will affect their children’s independence or how much wealth is the appropriate balance between proper inheritance and philanthropy.

As a story last week in the Belleville News Democrat explained, many parents are taking steps to share important information about the meaning of money as part of their inheritance plan. Most families strive to pass on the right amount of money so that children are provided for but still maintain the incentive to work, strive, and succeed.

One hardworking family, including a 60-year old retired teacher and 62-year old real estate broker, explained how they have worked with their now 30-year old daughter on financial matters, noting “We really want to encourage her to develop a personal financial plan, a personal philosophy, and become really familiar with the types of investments.” The family admits that frankness and early discussions about these issues is important. Children should know what to expect and parents should not be afraid to share their concerns with their loved one.

Some are worried that their loved ones may be unprepared to handle the estate that they receive. Those families often face issues with asset planning for spendthrift children. They are aware that their children are poor at handling money or inexperienced with such matters. Many options exist for parents in those situations. For example, trusts are perfect tools to ensure that a child has access to reasonable assets but is unable to abuse the overall value of the estate. In these situations a designated “trustee” manages the actual estate with rules about what the child receives and when they receive it.
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Primary Progressive Aphasia Remains Little-Known Form of Dementia

Published on: June 1, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

The onset of medical conditions that affect brain function like dementia or Alzheimer’s often act as triggers for local residents and their families to visit a New York elder law attorney. As most are aware, these illnesses affect millions of individuals across the country. The brain conditions result in memory-loss, reduction in learning ability, and reasoning problems. Obviously these illnesses pose a serious threat to an individual’s ability to properly manage their affairs, and caregivers are often required to help with day-to-day activities.

While conditions like dementia are rarely found in anyone less than 65 years of age, there are a few lesser known illnesses that affect brain function and occur in younger individuals. Last month the New York Times profiled one of those forms of dementia, known as primary progressive aphasia (P.P.A.). The syndrome often strikes those in their 50s. Its rarity and the age at which it occurs often cause doctors to misdiagnose the condition as depression, anxiety, or even a stroke.

Unlike Alzheimer’s or dementia, P.P.A. does not initially affect memory but instead affects an individual’s communication abilities. An expert on the disease explains how P.P.A. damages the part of the brain that is used in word-finding, object naming, syntax, spelling, and word comprehension.

The wife of one 55-year old sufferer from P.P.A. explains her husband’s impairments, noting that “he can no longer punch in the numbers to operate the garage door or the microwave or the remote for the TV. He might open the car window, then not know how to close it.”

While communication impairment is the primary problem caused by P.P.A., eventually patients suffer other deficits, like memory-loss, various cognitive abnormalities, and even motor problems. It is for those reasons that the article concluded by recommending that those who may be suffering from P.P.A. visit an elder law attorney to ensure that their family’s financial affairs are in order.
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The Medicaid Asset Protection Trust (MAPT) – Do’s and Don’ts

Published on: April 13, 2010 | by Ettinger Law Firm

by Michael Ettinger, Attorney at Law The Medicaid Asset Protection Trust (MAPT) is a technique commonly used by elder law attorneys. It consists of an irrevocable trust, usually set up by a parent of parents sixty-five and older. One or more of the adult children are named as “trustees” to manage the trust for the benefit of the “beneficiaries” who remain the parents during their lifetimes. For example, the parents retain the right to the exclusive use and enjoyment of the home and the income from all of the trust assets. The establishment and “funding” of the trust, i.e. retitling the home and the investments in the name of the trust, starts the five year look-back period running. After five years, those assets become exempt and are protected from the costs of long-term care.

Once the MAPT is established, there are certain things the parties can and cannot do. Below are a list of the “Do’s and Don’ts” concerning the MAPT.

Do’s